Azriel Perel qualified as MD (1974) and completed his residency in Anesthesia and Intensive Care at the Hadassah Medical Center (Hebrew University) in Jerusalem, Israel. Between 1977 and 1979 he was a Fulbright Fellow and did a research fellowship (mechanisms of increased pulmonary microvascular permeability) at the Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, followed by a critical care fellowship at the University of Florida, Gainesville. 1985 – Visiting Professorship of Critical Care at UC San Diego. 1987 – Chairman of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at the Sheba Medical Center in Tel Aviv, and in 1998 – he first Professor of Anesthesia and Intensive Care at the Tel Aviv University. 2004 – Visiting-Professor at the Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris. 2012 – Sabbatical as a Visiting Professor at the Chareté, Berlin. He was the Treasurer of the European Society of Anesthesiologists (1998-2002) and the President of the Israel Society of Anesthesiologists (2005-2011).